Van Gogh’s summer sunsets: an astronomical approach to art analysis

Abstract This study applies astronomical analysis to two Vincent van Gogh paintings from the summer of 1888, demonstrating how scientific principles can deepen our understanding of artistic works. While previous research has shown that van Gogh occasionally placed celestial bodies in positions significantly different from their astronomical reality, the analysis of Wheat Field with the Setting Sun and Canal with Women Washing reveals a close alignment with expected astronomical positions. This contrast suggests that van Gogh made conscious decisions about celestial positioning, sometimes prioritising astronomical accuracy and other times favouring creative expression. Furthermore, this study highlights the value of interdisciplinary approaches in modern education, showing how the integration of science and art can enrich both fields.