Use of community-based surveillance to enhance emerging infectious disease intelligence generation in Indonesia

Although CBS holds promise for strengthening public health security in Indonesia, key challenges related to common understanding, workforce capacity, data flow, and system governance must be addressed if the strategy is to make a meaningful contribution. Effective collaboration among government ministries, administrative levels, and community stakeholders is crucial for adapting CBS to balance local and national health security priorities, while ensuring stability, sustainability, and scalability across Indonesia's diverse contexts.