Evaluation Of Novel Biomarkers For Early Detection Of Renal Cell Carcinoma

Background: The vast majority of kidney cancers are RCC and many people die from RCC because it is rarely found in its early stage. Early detection is vital for helping patients, but today’s tests aren’t always accurate or thorough. Efforts in recent years have emphasized finding new biomarkers to recognize and diagnose RCC ahead of time. Objectives: To assess both the accuracy and clinical use of novel markers to detect RCC early and help improve a patient’s outlook. Study design: A prospective study. Place and duration of study: Department of Urology Niazi Medical College Sargodha from jan 2021 to jan 2022 Methods: Ninety participants had recently been diagnosed with RCC and the rest, 90 healthy individuals, were recruited for the study. Blood and urine were taken for analysis of DNA methylation, LncRNAs and RNA carried by extracellular vesicles. The RT-qPCR assay and NGS were both used to uncover biomarkers. Using SPSS, we calculated sensitivity, specificity and p-values. Results: 100 people with RCC, whose average age was 58.3 ± 10.5 years. Biomarker analysis demonstrated a sensitivity of 90% and a specificity of 85% for early finding of RCC. We found that the p-value from their comparison was below 0.05, suggesting that these biomarkers are statistically significant in diagnosing RCC. Conclusion: New biomarkers such as DNA methylation and circulating RNAs, may help doctors find RCC earlier. With their high sensitivity and specificity, markers facilitate the creation of less invasive tests that help patients get better results.