Genetic study of Sul-1 and exoS genes produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Otitis media patients

Otitis media is defined as an inflammation or infection of the middle ear, which is the air-filled space behind the eardrum that contains the tiny bones responsible for transmitting sound. Otitis media were taken from chronic (persistent or recurring), and it is most common in young children. From this perspective, our research aims to isolate and diagnose gram negative bacteria. Out of a total of 124 patients diagnosed with otitis media infection, Positive bacterial culture were isolated from 104 specimens (83.9%), while the remaining 20 (16.1%) showed no bacterial growth and from 104 total positive culture that found 84 (80.8%) isolates showed Gram-negative bacteria, while the remaining 20 (19.2%) showed Gram-positive bacteria. From Gram-negative bacteria that showed 40(47.6%) isolates were Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The results shows most prevalent in the 1-10 age group, with 44 patients (33.5%) affected, and the least affected group was > 60 years old, with 8 patients (6.4%). Molecular analysis revealed the presence of key virulence genes, including Sul-1and exoS. The Sul-1gene and exoS gene were detected 19 (95)% in the isolates, suggesting its critical role in bacterial survival and pathogenicity.