The Effectiveness Dilemma and Reconstruction Path of Emerging Countries’ Cooperation Mechanisms in the Context of Global Governance Fragmentation

Against the backdrop of increasing fragmentation of global governance, the cooperation mechanism of emerging countries faces multiple difficulties in its effectiveness: internally, there are insufficient coordination of the mechanism, divergence in the interests of member countries, and deficiencies in the design of the system; and externally, the mechanism is constrained by the containment of power by the traditional powers, exclusion from the established system, and bias in the international cognition. The study proposes an “internal and external linkage” restructuring path: internally, the integration is strengthened through the establishment of institutional dialogue platforms, hierarchical consultation mechanisms and institutional upgrading; externally, “embedded cooperation” promotes collaboration with traditional powers, participation in the reform of multilateral mechanisms, and the enhancement of international perceptions. The study suggests that emerging countries need to balance “rule docking” and “localized innovation” in fragmented governance, and gradually accumulate institutional discourse power, so as to provide new momentum for the inclusive transformation of global governance.