Blockchain for Sustainable Smart Cities: Motivations and Challenges

Rapid urbanization and the rising demand for sustainable living have encouraged the growth of smart cities, which incorporate innovative technologies to ameliorate environmental sustainability, optimize resource management, and improve living standards. The convergence of blockchain (BC) technology and the Internet of Things (IoT) presents transformative convenience for managing smart cities and achieving sustainability goals. In fact, blockchain technology combined with IoT devices provides a decentralized, transparent, and safe framework for managing massive volumes of data produced by networked sensors and systems. By guaranteeing accountability, minimizing fraud, and maximizing resource use, blockchain not only facilitates the smooth operation of smart city infrastructures but also encourages sustainable habits. The various uses of blockchain technology in smart city management and its contribution to sustainability objectives are examined in this study. Through an examination of important domains like energy distribution, waste management, transportation systems, healthcare, and governance, the research shows how blockchain promotes effective data exchange and data security, builds stakeholder trust, and makes it possible to establish decentralized organizations to improve decision-making.