Specification of Sensing Coverage Zones in Two‐Dimensional Acoustic Target Localization

Target localization (positioning) by the time difference of arrival (TDoA) using previously localized wireless sensor nodes has wide applications. Three‐degree sensing coverage cannot calculate accurate spatial‐temporal information of the target object in two‐dimensional acoustic positioning. In this article, algebraic and geometrical modeling of the two‐dimensional acoustic positioning of the target has been reviewed. By using these models, it is proved that the sensing area with three‐degree sensing coverage can be separated into two different zones. In the Type 1 zone, which is continuous, the target can be precisely positioned. Type 2 zones, which are three separate areas with three‐degree sensing coverage, cannot accurately position the target, and there is a need for four‐degree sensing coverage. Then, a relationship is presented to define the exact boundaries of these two zones. In the following, more features of this relationship have been examined. The results of this article can be used to improve the quality of the service metrics of the wireless sensor network, such as the accuracy of acoustic target positioning and tracking, along with reducing the cost of system implementation and increasing the lifetime of the network by optimal placement of wireless sensor nodes.