BIG DATA-BASED RISK MANAGEMENT IN RUSSIAN OIL AND GAS PROJECTS: PRACTICE AND CHALLENGES

The article analyzes the use of Big Data technologies in risk management for Russian oil and gas projects. A comparison of foreign and domestic experience shows that leading global companies actively use digital technologies (machine learning, IoT) for risk mitigation, while in Russia Big Data application is at an early stage, limited to pilot initiatives by major companies (PJSC Gazprom, PJSC Gazprom Neft, PJSC NK Rosneft). Special attention is given to PJSC Gazprom’s use of predictive analytics, digital twins, and monitoring systems. Key challenges include data quality, integration issues, lack of expertise, and the need for technological sovereignty under sanctions. A process-based integration of Big Data into risk management is proposed, covering data collection, AI-based analysis, decision-making, and monitoring. Recommendations are made for developing data infrastructure, training personnel, phased implementation of predictive systems, and strengthening cybersecurity.