Offshore wave and wind energy development in the Southern Hemisphere will remain optimal between 20°E and 180°E by 2100

Wave and offshore-wind energies offer promising alternatives to fossil fuels, yet their combined potential under climate change remains poorly understood. Here we assess how climate change may affect this potential over the coming century, using outputs from fifteen global climate models included in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 and an empirical method to refine model projections. We identify two oceanic bands between 40°S and 60°S with high combined energy potential. Notably, the region between 20°E and 180°E is projected to remain favorable for both energy sources. We also conduct a multi-level analysis to show how improved climate modeling enhances predictions of renewable energy resources. These findings provide valuable insights for policymakers, industry stakeholders, and researchers seeking to enhance the resilience and sustainability of renewable energy systems. The high wave energy potential may decrease in the future, while that of offshore wind energy could increase, particularly under the high carbon dioxide emission scenarios, but the region between 40°S and 60°S and 20°E and 180°E will remain optimal, according to a multi-model analysis of climate projections.