Management of Stapfer Type II Perforations After Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography: A Retrospective Study

Patients with ERCP-related type II perforations can initially be treated non-surgically. However, clinicians must remain vigilant for failure of non-surgical management, and treatment approaches should be individualized based on the patient's clinical condition. Surgical intervention should be considered with appropriate patient selection and timing.