African Peace and Security Architecture & AFRICOM

This article examines the role of the United States Africa Command (AFRICOM) in shaping Djibouti’s peace and security landscape and its alignment with the goals of the African Peace and Security Architecture (APSA). Drawing on qualitative data from in-depth interviews with military personnel, government officials, community leaders, and international representatives, as well as focus group discussions (FGDs), the findings highlight AFRICOM’s contributions to counterterrorism, maritime security, intelligence- sharing, and joint military exercises. These efforts have bolstered regional stability and enhanced military readiness in Djibouti, particularly through initiatives like the Regional Maritime Awareness Capability (RMAC). Local respondents commend improved maritime domain awareness, deterrence capabilities, and humanitarian initiatives but express apprehension about long-term dependence on foreign military presence and the potential erosion of African-led security structures. The article argues that while AFRICOM’s engagements tangibly support Djibouti’s security and APSA objectives, sustainable peace requires deeper integration into African-led frameworks and sustained capacity-building to reduce reliance on external actors. By analyzing local perceptions and long-term implications, this article underscores the need for a balanced approach that aligns AFRICOM’s bilateral engagements with APSA’s multilateral principles to foster enduring peace and security in the Horn of Africa.