Propagation dynamics of circular Airyprime beams double-modulated by sine and power-exponent-phase vortices and applications in optical tweezers

In this paper, what we believe to be a new type of noncanonical optical vortices combining sine phase vortices and power-exponent-phase vortices is proposed. The propagation dynamics of circular Airyprime beams double-modulated by the new phase vortices in free space are explored by theoretical analysis as well as experimental verification, where the generated new optical phenomena are explained based on the competition mechanism between the two combined phase vortices distributions. The proposed phase vortices have multiple degrees of freedom to manipulate the distribution of the light field, such as the multi-ring shape can be evolved into caterpillar-like, fan-like, and multi-spot shapes, and the number of spots and fan-like lobes can be flexibly controlled by multiple parameters. In addition, the effect of different parameters on the autofocusing ability of the beam is quantified by <i>K</i>-value curves. Meanwhile, the spiral spectrum and Poynting vector of the beam are also investigated and analyzed by numerical simulation. Finally, the effects of microparticle manipulation under different beam parameters are studied utilizing experiments. Our work opens new possibilities for optical multi-particle trapping, while also providing novel insights for further exploration of new types of non-canonical vortex beams.