Theaflavin-3,3′-digallate stabilizes vulnerable plaques by reprogramming metabolic homeostasis in neovascularization via HK2/TIGAR

This study demonstrates that TFDG effectively inhibits AS progression via the HK2/TIGAR/MAPK axis, specifically by promoting the maturation of VV within plaques to reduce the incidence of IPH. The findings suggest that TFDG exhibits substantial potential for preventing acute cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events. The results provide promising directions and preliminary experimental evidence for future research aimed at preventing vulnerable plaque rupture.