TRANSFORMING MEDICINE WITH INTELLIGENCE: HOW AI IS RESHAPING THE ROLE OF DOCTORS AND THE FUTURE OF CLINICAL PRACTICE

Artificial intelligence (AI) is progressively changing clinical practice by enhancing physicians’ abilities in diagnosis, treatment, and delivery of care. This paper is a thorough review of AI developments over the years of 2022- 2025, focusing particularly on deep learning, transformers, federated learning, and large language models. We assess AI applications of medical imaging, clinical decision support, and patient-care workflows, and the close to expert-level clinical reasoning demonstrated by AI with their tools such as Med-PaLM. We’ll focus on AI as assistive partnerships to add value for clinicians, not to replace them. Through case-based studies and a thematic synthesis we present in this review, we advocate for the importance of including human fallibility, compassion, empathy, and ethics along with AI capabilities to improve clinical care. We propose that the future of advancing AI should consider and embrace the human side of the practice of medicine, ideally allowing human and digital intelligence to work collaboratively in healthcare.