ESPIRRO DE ETIOLOGIA PSICOGÊNICA: REVISÃO NARRATIVA

Sneezing is a complex physiological reflex triggered by a wide range of chemical, physical, environmental, infectious, hormonal, and neurological stimuli. Although allergic rhinitis is one of the most prevalent and functionally impactful causes of recurrent sneezing, less commonly recognized etiologies, such as psychogenic origin, must also be considered. Psychogenic sneezing is characterized by paroxysmal, recurrent, and prolonged episodes with no association to allergens or inflammatory processes, and is refractory to standard pharmacological treatments such as antihistamines and corticosteroids. Diagnosis is clinical, based on the exclusion of organic causes, and requires a multidisciplinary approach with emphasis on mental health evaluation. Treatment relies on cognitive-behavioral therapy, stress management techniques, psychosocial support, and, in selected cases, the use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). Early recognition of this condition is essential to avoid unnecessary investigations and interventions, reduce iatrogenic risk, and promote a more integrative, patient-centered approach aligned with the biopsychosocial model of care.