Risk-Driven Multipath Collaborative Transmission Enhancement for Next-Generation Reliable IoV

Multipath transmission enables path diversity and improves network resource utilization. However, suboptimal path selection can significantly increase the risk of degraded multipath transmission ability due to the inherent notable differences across multiple heterogeneous paths and the frequent jitter during vehicular mobility. To address this issue and achieve collaborative transmission enhancement in such heterogeneous jitter environments, this paper proposes a delay-difference-constrained packet scheduler (DDCPS) that incorporates both network risk and benefit. Specifically, network risk is quantified by the delay differences and variance, whereas network benefits encompass both the transmission ability and application adaptability. The DDCPS prioritizes paths with the lowest residual risk by minimizing the difference between network risk and benefit. We evaluate the DDCPS across six key dimensions, including a real-world IoV test, to ensure a comprehensive assessment. The results demonstrate that the DDCPS achieves an improvement of 44% in latency stability while simultaneously achieving a 4.81% increase in transmission ability compared to best-performing scheduler.