Improved DV-Hop Localization With Optimized Anchor Selection in Anisotropic Networks

It is known that traditional node self-localization methods in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) often struggle with accuracy in anisotropic environments. This paper introduces the Max Hop Multi-Communication Radius - Distance-Vector Hop (MHMCR-DV-Hop) algorithm to address the challenge. MHMCR-DV-Hop enhances the DV-Hop approach by incorporating a max hop threshold and multiple communication radius to improve localization precision in networks with irregular node distribution and directional physical property variability. The algorithm refines the localization process by optimizing the communication radii of anchor nodes and implementing a hop count correction mechanism, particularly in areas with network voids and obstacles. Utilizing an adaptive weight update method based on the least squares technique and error calibration, the approach ensures the selection of optimal anchor nodes for unknown node coordinate estimation. Experiment results demonstrate the algorithm's effectiveness, showing significant improvements in localization accuracy over the standard DV-Hop and its enhancements, without additional hardware or measurement protocols.