Epidemiological Aspect of Bacteremia Cases in Hyperthermic Patients Hospitalized at the Niamey General Reference Hospital, Niger

Introduction: Bacteraemia is a serious infection that is responsible for high morbidity and mortality worldwide through the use of central or peripheral venous catheters. Material and Method: This was a prospective descriptive cross-sectional study of patients hospitalized at the Niamey General Reference Hospital. Patient blood was collected during a thermal peak and inoculated into FN PLUS, FA PLUS and PF PLUS blood culture bottles according to patient age, and sent to the Microbiology laboratory for analysis. These flasks were introduced into the BactAlerT 3D at 37˚C for incubation. Positive flasks were subcultured onto appropriate media for bacterial growth and identification, and tested for antibiotic sensitivity at 0.5 MacFarland by the Kurbi Bauer method. Data were entered into Microsoft Excel and analyzed using SPSS version 16 software. Result: A total of 250 patients were included in our study. The mean age of the patients was 45 ± 17 years. The prevalence of bacteremia among patients was 14%. The bacteria encountered were Staphylococcus aureus (31.43%), Escherichia coli (22.86%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (11.43%) and other bacterial species (8.57%). Bacteremia were more common in men, and patients hospitalized in the Neurology, Internal Medicine and Emergency Departments had higher bacteremia levels, at 4.4%, 2.8% and 2.4% respectively. Staphylococcus aureus strains were sensitive to oxacillin, norfloxacin, levofloxacin (18.18%), erythromycin (72.73%), gentamicin and tetracycline (36, 36%) Escherichia coli strains showed sensitivity to amoxicillin (12.50%), amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, piperacillin, ciprofloxacin and amikacin (25%). No Escherichia coli strains were sensitive to 3rd-generation cephalosporins, but ertapenem and imipenem were sensitive (100%) to all strains. Conclusion: Bacteremia is common, especially in patients with central venous catheters, with a high frequency of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, antibiotic resistance to these isolates is very high in hospitalized patients.