Seizure Occurrence During Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy: A Case Report and Literature Review

Pelvic radiotherapy can lead to lasting bladder complications such as radiation-induced hemorrhagic cystitis. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy has emerged as a worthwhile intervention, enhancing tissue oxygenation and promoting neovascularization. However, hyperbaric oxygen therapy carries the risk of seizures, particularly with prolonged exposure to elevated pressures. In this case report, we describe a case of new-onset seizure occurrence in an 88-year-old patient during their first session of hyperbaric oxygen therapy for treatment of radiation-induced hemorrhagic cystitis, highlighting the complexities of balancing therapeutic benefits with potential neurological risks.