Presence of <i>Leptospira</i> spp. in Nonhuman Primates and Wild Felids from a Brazilian Zoo

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease caused by the bacterium <i>Leptospira</i> spp., which is divided into saprophytic and pathogenic. Transmission in zoos can occur due to infected urine in poorly sanitized environments, rodents, and animal accumulation. Aim: This study investigated the presence of antibodies and DNA of <i>Leptospira</i> spp. in nonhuman primates and wild felids from a zoo in western Paraná, Brazil. <b><i>Materials and Methods:</i></b> Samples were collected through chemical restraint and venipuncture. Antibody testing was performed by microscopic agglutination test and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). <b><i>Results:</i></b> Of the 24 samples analyzed (17 capuchin monkeys and 7 felines), 12.5% presented antibodies for the Butembo serovar, all in primates. No feline showed reaction or DNA amplification. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> The results highlight the importance of studies on leptospirosis in wild animals in captivity, considering factors such as biome and management of the zoo, which houses rescued species that cannot be reintroduced into the wild.