Oleanane-type bidesmosides from Agrostemma githago L. roots and aerial parts

A comprehensive analysis of triterpenoid saponins in Agrostemma githago L. (Caryophyllaceae) by liquid chromatography – quadrupol-Orbitrap mass spectrometry allowed for annotation of 49 gypsogenin-, quillaic acid- and oleanolic acid-bidesmosides in the roots and aerial parts. Generally, the detected saponins belong to G lucuronide O leanane-type T riterpenoid C arboxylic A cids 3,28- B idesmosides (GOTCABs) including a variety of acetylated derivatives of 34 core structures forming isobaric isomers. For the first time, forty five saponins were annotated in the A. githago , being present particularly in the roots . The branched trisaccharide (HexA, Pent, Hex/HexA, 2Hex) is linked at C-3 of the sapogenin via glycosidic bond. C-28 ester chain consists mainly of mono-, di- and triacetyl tetra- and pentasaccharides. The chemophenetic significance of GOTCAB saponins in this species is discussed. • First report on triterpenoid saponins from Agrostemma githago L. roots. • Forty nine triterpenoid saponins in the aerial parts and roots. • Gypsogenin-, quillaic- and oleanolic acid-bidesmosidic saponins. • Fourty saponins with a C-28 oligosaccharide with one, two or three acetyl groups. • Acetylated GOTCABs are chemophenetic markers of A. githago .