Study of Serum Fibrinogen Level in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Its Correlation with Microalbuminuria

Background * Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular and renal complications, partly due to endothelial dysfunction and prothrombotic states. Fibrinogen, a key hemostatic factor, has been increasingly recognized for its role in atherosclerosis. Elevated fibrinogen levels have been linked with poor glycemic control, increased duration of diabetes, and microalbuminuria. Identifying these associations can aid in early prediction of complications. Methods * This was a descriptive cross-sectional study involving 50 patients with T2DM, aged 41-80 years, admitted to the Department of Medicine at RRMCH. Serum fibrinogen levels, HbA1c, and urinary albumin excretion were measured and analyzed. Results * The study found a significantly higher prevalence of hyperfibrinogenemia in patients with longer duration of diabetes, poor glycemic control (HbA1c), and presence of microalbuminuria (p<0.05). Fibrinogen levels showed a positive correlation with age and duration of diabetes. Patients with microalbuminuria had markedly higher fibrinogen levels than those without proteinuria, and those with elevated HbA1c exhibited increased fibrinogen levels, indicating a link between glycemic status and prothrombotic risk. Conclusion * Fibrinogen levels were significantly associated with poor glycemic control, longer duration of diabetes, and microalbuminuria, highlighting its role as a potential marker of vascular complications in T2DM. Routine monitoring of fibrinogen may help in early identification of high- risk individuals, and stringent glycemic control should be emphasized to mitigate cardiovascular and renal risks.