Efficacy and Emerging Role of Faecal Microbiota Transplantation [FMT] in Ulcerative Colitis

Background Ulcerative colitis [UC] is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease [IBD] which is characterised by inflammation of mucosa of the colon. Despite existing therapies many patients remain refractory. Gut microbiota dysbiosis is increasingly recognised as a key factor in pathogenesis- targeted interventions such as FMT. Methods English articles of systemic reviews and meta-analysis were searched in the pubmed central, the Cochrane library, google scholar, cureus web of science databases from 2014 to 2024. STUDY DESIGN: systematic reviews and meta - analysis POPULATION: patient of any age diagnosed with ulcerative colitis INTERVENTION: FMT OUTCOME: Studies reporting on clinical remission. EXCLUSION CRITERIA: 1] Narrative reviews, editorial letters, conference abstracts 2] Systemic reviews and meta- analysis that don't focus on ulcerative colitis 3] Studies focusing only on microbiome composition without clinical outcomes Results FMT works by improving a condition called gut. People with UC often have less beneficial bacteria. This imbalance causes inflammation by damaging the gut lining, triggering the immune system. FMT aids by transferring healthy gut bacteria from a donor, which may restore balance, reduce inflammation, and support healing of the gut lining. Many RCTs have demonstrated clinical remission in 24- 30 % of UC patients with FMT versus 5 - 10% in placebo groups. However, heterogeneity in protocols, donor viability, lack of long-term follow-up remain challenges. Conclusion FMT is a promising treatment for UC. While early results are encouraging, standardized protocols and long - term safety data are needed before routine clinical adoption.