A Study on the Emission Reduction in CNG BI-Fuel Engines with Low Flow Rate Manifold Injection

In Air pollutions, Hydrocarbons are one the most polluting emissions with the global warming potential 28 to 36 times that of Carbon dioxide. Thus, it is important to move towards alternate fuels like CNG. However, the main component of CNG – methane, is particularly hard to oxidize through after-treatment and can lead to a significant increase in the cost of a vehicle. Thus, this thesis explores the interaction of CNG and air in Gasoline and CNG Bi-Fuel Engine. It attempts to reduce the emissions by modifying the intake manifold geometry by inserting turbulence generators in the inlet manifold and studying its effects on the performance and emission characteristics of the engine. Other factors such as injection angle, injection timing and even injector nozzle geometry were further varied to reduce the emissions. A final attempt was made to design an optimum intake manifold runner by combining the features listed above. The emissions level of vehicle has been restricted by strict emission limits; not only in India practically in all countries. And trend can be seen in the market day by day increasing the demand of vehicles with Bi-fuel consumption is motivated by economics as well as socialpolitical considerations.