REGULATIONS OPTIMIZATION TO OBTAIN YOUNG BROCCOLI PLANTS FOR A HEALTHY DIET

The aim of the study is to summarize the results of the laboratory research of the growth and development of young broccoli plants and to propose technological regulations for obtaining environmentally friendly products for healthy nutrition. The study was conducted in 2022–2024 in the laboratory of biotechnology, physiology and processed products of grapes, subtropical fruit and vegetable crops of the Dagestan SOSViO (branch of the NCFNTSSVV). Technological regulations for growing young broccoli plants are presented, allowing to obtain environmentally friendly fresh products with a high content of biologically active substances with an cancer protective prophylactic effect. To obtain young broccoli plants and use them fresh, a solution containing US 0.05 mg/l +EAC 500 mg/l + K2SO4 60 mg/l + KNO3 1.0 g + Na2SeO3 20 mg/l should be used for germination on vermiculite – the first 0–5 days (darkness 3 days, light natural light for 2 days, t + 25 °C) and EAC 500 mg/l + K2SO4 60 mg/l + KNO3 1.0 g + Na2SeO3 20 mg/l – 6–10 days (artificial lighting 1500 lm / 6500K / 24 hours / t + 22–25 °C). As a result, morphological parameters (hypocotyl length, plant weight) are achieved that are 2 times higher than the control ones, meeting the requirements of healthy nutrition and commercialization of the technology. To extend the shelf life of fresh healthy food products up to 20 days, sprouts can be treated by spraying the leaf surface with solutions of 2 % CaCl2, or 2.5% MgSO4, or salicylic acid 2 mg/l 48 hours before cutting hypocotyls, packed in cling film and stored at t = 6–7 °C, humidity 60–70 % and no light. The results of the work can also be used in creating process regulations and producing functional food products, biologically active additives for the prevention of cancer at specialized enterprises.