A comparative evaluation of friction and wear in alternative materials for brake friction composites

Introduction: this study examines research and development efforts aimed at developing non-asbestos brake friction composites (BFCs) to improve the safety and performance of automotive brake systems. The evolution of BFCs from asbestos-based materials to safer alternatives is studied, and an analysis is performed to develop alternative material combinations. The critical roles of key components — fibers, binders, friction modifiers and fillers — in creating durable brake friction composites for brake systems is emphasized. A composite material based on basalt fiber with calcium carbonate filler is compared to a composite material based on aramid fiber with barium sulfate filler through pin-on-disc tribological testing. Based on the test results, it is determined that the alternative composite materials show promise for application in brake systems. This work also provides a foundation for further development of eco-friendly brake friction composites by selecting optimal formulations. The present work defines an approach for subsequent research aimed at varying the components and their ratios in the creation of composite materials. This research will further improve the functionality of automotive brake systems. Purpose of the work: this research is focused on the development of non-asbestos brake friction composites (BFCs) with the goal of improving the safety and performance of automotive brake systems. Eco-friendly alternatives to asbestos are investigated, and the roles of fibers, binders, friction modifiers, and fillers are analyzed. The objective of the research is to identify optimal formulations for creating durable, sustainable brake materials, paving the way for further implementation of innovative solutions in practice. Methods of investigation: a pin-on-disc tribological method is used to evaluate wear, friction, and durability, as well as to assess the suitability of the developed materials for use in brake systems. This research is dedicated to analyzing the influence of components (fibers, binders, friction modifiers, and fillers) on the properties of friction composites for brake systems. Two compositions were experimentally studied: basalt fiber with calcium carbonate and aramid fiber with barium sulfate. Results and discussion: the results of the research demonstrate the effectiveness of using basalt fiber with calcium carbonate and aramid fiber with barium sulfate as components in friction composites for brake systems. It is shown that these materials provide high levels of wear resistance and friction performance. The potential for further optimization of compositions to improve eco-friendliness and enhance the operational properties of braking systems is emphasized. The obtained results also highlight the importance of component selection for the development of safe and sustainable brake friction composites.