Teenage Pregnancy Trends, Outcomes, And Prevention Strategies

Background The public health problem of teenage pregnancy continues to affect the health status of mothers and children worldwide. Young pregnant persons are more likely to experience negative pregnancy outcomes that lead to premature delivery and babies born with low weight. The prevalence of teenage pregnancy shows little reduction since international organizations started working on it because the problem primarily affects countries that are still developing. Objectives To evaluates teenage pregnancy patterns by studying clinical effects together with intervention methods that minimize unwanted side effects. Study Design: A Retrospective Observational Study. Place and duration of study. Department of Gynae Gomal Medical College Dera Ismail Khan Pakistan from January 2023 through December 2023. Methods The study collected data from teenage pregnancies at Department of Gynae Gomal Medical College Dera Ismail Khan Pakistan from January 2023 through December 2023.during the period spanning from January 2023 through December 2024. Hospital records provided information regarding maternal age and various demographic characteristics besides pregnancy results. Statistical examinations utilized SPSS version 25.0 to perform the analyses where p<0.05 established the statistical significance. Results 200 teenage pregnancy cases where subjects averaged 17.2 years old standard deviation ± 1.5. Among the examined pregnancies preterm birth occurred in 20% of cases and low birth weight affected 15% of births. The Study showed that teenage pregnancies yielded better results with contraception use since the p-value reached 0.01. The study showed that 40 percent of participants already had access to contraception during the time when they grew pregnant. Conclusion Teenage pregnancies present several major health risks to mothers and their newborn infants. The implementation of sex education programs along with increased access to contraception methods leads to encouraging outcomes in reducing negative pregnancy results. The Study needs to expand its efforts toward better healthcare availability combined with expanded sexual education opportunities for young adults.