C4D and Primary Glomerular Diseases

补体级联是一种蛋白质系统，其主要作用是启动和调节免疫反应。在补体激活过程中，循环蛋白被切割，新生切割片段参与广泛的下游先天和适应性免疫功能。尽管这些功能中的大多数是稳态的或保护性的，但是大量的实验和临床证据也强调了补体系统在许多类型的肾小球疾病的发病机理中的中心作用。本综述旨在总结现有的关于不同肾小球疾病的肾活检肾小球C4D沉积的数据，这些数据可能有助于进一步研究补体激活在肾小球疾病中的作用。The complement cascade is a protein system whose main role is to initiate and regulate the immune response. During the process of complement activation, circulating proteins are cleaved, and the newly generated cleavage fragments are involved in a wide range of downstream innate and adaptive immune functions. Although most of these functions are homeostatic or protective, a large amount of experimental and clinical evidence also highlights the central role of the complement system in the pathogenesis of many types of glomerular diseases. This review aims to summarize the existing data on glomerular C4D deposition in native renal biopsies of different glomerular diseases, and these data may contribute to further research on the role of complement activation in glomerular diseases.