Tatar madrasas of the Volga-Ural region and their role in the development of the Kazakh educational system (from the second half of the 19th to early 20th century)

The influence of Tatar Jadid madrasas on the establishment of the Kazakh educational system is examined. Using a problem-oriented chronological approach, the spread of education among the Turkic peoples of the Russian Empire is traced. The dynamics of both qualitative and quantitative changes is discussed. The results obtained from the study reveal that, before the revolution, most madrasas in urban areas across the Kazakh Steppe were Tatar institutions financed by Tatar entrepreneurs. During that period, the majority of well-educated Kazakhs studied at these madrasas. The latter also provided a reference point for the development of the Kazakh educational system. In the early 20th century, following the Tatar model, Kazakh Jadid madrasas emerged.