Inferior Hip Dislocation: The Uncommon Case of Hip Dislocation

Introduction: Inferior hip dislocation or commonly called as luxatio erecta femoris is an inferior dislocation of the femoral head and inversion of the femoral shaft that caused by traumatic event. Case Description: This article reports a 42-year-old male with inferior hip dislocation. He came to our hospital with continuous, sharp pain in right hip since 2 hours prior to admission. There swelling, tenderness, and deformity in the right hip region. ROM is also limited due to pain in that area. We did an X-Ray and laboratory examination, then a diagnosis of inferior hip dislocation was made. Pain relievers, closed reduction, and immobilization with skin traction of 5 kg loads have been given to the patient. Discussion: Inferior hip dislocation is the rarest hip dislocation with only around 2-5% of all cases. Compared to other types of hip dislocation, it has a non-specific characteristic, so thoroughness is needed to diagnose the case. The mechanism of injury from inferior hip dislocation is still not fully understood, but it is generally the result of high energy trauma such as sports events and traffic accidents. When an inferior hip dislocation occurred, the distal end of the femur rises above the horizontal plane of the pelvis at the level of the acetabular fossae, and it flexes the hip to that extent. In this case, closed reduction management was performed by Allis maneuver technique. This method could be used when gentle traction method is failed with two maximum attempts for closed reduction. It is more frequently used in posterior hip dislocation but in our case, it was performed successfully. Post reduction radiograph is required to rule for completed reduction, and if there is any joint enlargement, a CT or MRI should be performed next. Conclusion: Hip dislocation has become more common as high-energy traffic accidents have escalated. Inferior hip dislocation is the rarest type of hip dislocation. Although it is uncommon, we could be able to identify and treat this case with great clinical results. Keywords: Inferior Hip Dislocation, Acetabulum, Allis Maneuver