Protective effect of <i>Helicteres isora</i> , an efficient candidate on hepatorenal toxicity and management of diabetes in animal models

Abstract Diabetes is a metabolic disorder of the carbohydrate pathway, resulting in high blood glucose levels, an increase in thirst as well as urination, problems in vision, weight loss, and high ketone body excretion in urine. Diabetes also affects the endocrine, neurological, and circulatory systems, raising blood pressure and lowering high-density lipoprotein levels with subsequent increases in the low-density lipoprotein level. Helicteres isora (H. isora) is a promising medicinal plant having both anti-oxidant and anti-diabetic potentials. Herein, we investigate the protective effect of H. isora extracts (crude and fractions) on paracetamol-induced hepatorenal toxicities in animal models. The extracts were initially screened for in vivo antidiabetic potential using the alloxan-induced diabetic model. The experimental rats treated with 150 mg/kg b.w. (body weight) dose of Hi-Chl extract decreased the creatinine level to 0.48 ± 0.07 mg/dL, blood urea to 19.64 ± 1.22 mg/dL, and uric acid to 2.23 ± 0.21 mg/dL, indicating the hepatorenal protective functions of the extract. Serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase and alkaline phosphatase were also normalized by the extract to 73.10 ± 4.40 mg/dL and 174.6 ± 2.81 mg/dL, respectively. The Hi-Chl extract exhibited promising anti-diabetic potential with blood glucose normalizing effect from 494.8 ± 2.52 to 159.6 ± 2.67 to 125.6 ± 3.72 mg/dL at doses of 75 and 150 mg/kg, respectively.