Interpretation of Confucian Role Ethics from the Perspective of Communicative Ethics—A Prism of Habermas’ Ethical Thought

研究以哈贝马斯商谈伦理学为理论棱镜，重新诠释儒家角色伦理学的现代性转化路径。通过剖析交往理性与“理一分殊”的本体论张力，揭示儒家伦理在差序格局中“经权相济”的实践智慧对程序主义普遍化原则的超越。研究认为，儒家“仁礼互动”模式通过具身化道德实践与主体间性对话的融合，既维系“亲亲尊尊”的特殊性维度，又在“天下为公”的伦理政治中开辟“致中和”的共识空间。针对工具理性主导的现代性困境，文章提出以“理一分殊”重构跨文化伦理对话，通过“和而不同”的范式互构平衡普遍性与特殊性，为人类命运共同体的伦理建构提供理论支撑。This study takes Habermas’ communicative ethics as a theoretical prism to reinterpret the modern transformation path of Confucian role ethics. By analyzing the ontological tension between communicative rationality and “the unity of the principle and its manifestations”, it reveals the practical wisdom of Confucian ethics in the “differential order” of “balancing the general and the particular”, which transcends the universalization principle of proceduralism. The study argues that the “interaction between benevolence and propriety” model of Confucianism, through the integration of embodied moral practice and intersubjective dialogue, not only maintains the particular dimension of “loving relatives and respecting superiors”, but also opens up a consensus space of “reaching the state of harmony” in the ethical politics of “the world for the public”. In response to the modernity predicament dominated by instrumental rationality, the article proposes to reconstruct cross-cultural ethical dialogue with “the unity of the principle and its manifestations”, and balance universality and particularity through the mutual construction of the “harmony without uniformity” paradigm, providing theoretical support for the ethical construction of a community with a shared future for mankind.