USP37 prevents premature disassembly of stressed replisomes by TRAIP
The eukaryotic replisome, which consists of the CDC45-MCM2-7-GINS (CMG) helicase, replicative polymerases, and several accessory factors, sometimes encounters proteinaceous obstacles that threaten genome integrity. These obstacles are targeted for removal or proteolysis by the E3 ubiquitin ligase TRAIP, which associates with the replisome. However, TRAIP must be carefully regulated to avoid inappropriate ubiquitylation and disassembly of the replisome. Here, we demonstrate that human cells lacking the de-ubiquitylating enzyme USP37 are hypersensitive to topoisomerase poisons and other replication stress-inducing agents. Furthermore, TRAIP loss rescues the hypersensitivity of USP37 knockout cells to topoisomerase inhibitors. In Xenopus egg extracts depleted of USP37, TRAIP promotes premature CMG ubiquitylation and disassembly when converging replisomes stall. Finally, guided by AlphaFold-Multimer, we discovered that binding to CDC45 mediates USP37's response to topological stress. We propose that USP37 protects genome stability by preventing TRAIP-dependent CMG unloading when replication stress impedes timely termination.
Authors
- E. Schmid (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4662-5298)
- Vipul Gupta (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3345-7288)
- Ronghu Wu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9493-9462)
- Satpal S. Jhujh (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5766-659X)
- Christopher J. Carnie (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7006-5596)
- Grant S. Stewart (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0960-3241)
- Stephen P. Jackson (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9317-7937)
- Andrea Voigt
- Olga V. Kochenova
- Johannes C. Walter (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4186-7570)
- Domenic Pilger (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7339-0685)
- Simon Lam (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4476-0971)
- Nadia Gueorguieva
- Sean L Richards
- Giuseppina D’Alessandro (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5448-8652)
- Marcos Rios Garcia
Institutions
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute (US)
- Harvard University (US)
- University of Cambridge (GB)
- Cancer Research UK (GB)
- The Gurdon Institute (GB)
- IFOM (IT)
- Boston VA Research Institute (US)
- University of Birmingham (GB)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Nature Communications
- Published
- 2025-06-18
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-60139-z
- Citations
- 1
- Primary Topic
- Ubiquitin and proteasome pathways
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.81
Funders
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute
- Cancer Research UK
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute