INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT OF THE BLUE ECONOMY: CHALLENGES FOR KAZAKHSTAN

The article examines international experience in innovative development of the blue economy and its significance for Kazakhstan. It analyzes successful strategies for the implementation of technologies for the sustainable use of marine and coastal resources in countries such as Singapore, Norway, South Korea and the European Union. It describes approaches to the implementation of the blue economy concept, including the development of smart ports, renewable marine energy, innovative aquaculture methods and digitalization of marine resource management. Particular attention is paid to the current challenges for Kazakhstan associated with the lack of direct access to the sea and the need to adapt international practices to the specifics of the Caspian region. In conclusion, recommendations are offered for the formation of a national blue economy strategy, including the development of coastal infrastructure, the integration of environmentally friendly technologies and the attraction of international investment.