Association between 25-hydroxy vitamin D insufficiency and serum uric acid levels compared to the gender and age categories

Vitamin D and uric acid play important roles in human physiology, with their levels influenced by various factors, including age, gender, diet, and metabolic health. This cross-sectional and case-control study aims to conduct a comparative analysis of 25-hydroxy vitamin D deficiency and serum uric acid levels among genders and different age groups, including 191 males and females with insufficient vitamin D3. The participants’ ages range from 21 to 73 years, and they are classified according to World Health Organization age group classification into three age categories: young adults (21-30), middle-aged adults (31-45), and old-aged adults (>45). Blood samples were collected from the participants to measure 25-hydroxy vitamin D and uric acid levels, and the assays were performed using Roche COBAS C311, COBAS e 411/601, and Beckman Coulter (DXC 700 AU) analyzers. The validation procedure is done according to the College of American Pathologists, and electrochemiluminescence immunoassay was used for precision, accuracy, and linearity. The results revealed a significant difference in the mean of vitamin D levels between males and females (p=0.031) and an insignificant difference in the mean of uric acid levels compared to the gender groups (p=0.289). Also, these results demonstrated a significant difference in the mean of vitamin D3 among different age groups (p=0.006) associated with decreased mean levels of vitamin D3 in older adults (15.5±5.8) compared with young adults (19.5±6.6); conversely, insignificant differences were observed in the mean of uric acid among the age categories (p=0.057). From these results, we observed a strong and significant correlation between the age groups, severity of vitamin D deficiency, and serum uric acid levels. This significant relationship was observed between the age groups and the severity of vitamin D deficiency among individuals with hypouricemia (p=0.048). This study concludes that gender significantly correlates with vitamin D3 deficiency. Additionally, a stronger significant association was found between the severity of vitamin D3 deficiency and different age groups among individuals with hypouricemia.