On-board control system for high-reliability and survivability aircraft

The paper is dedicated to describing a method for increasing the reliability and survivability of on-board control systems. The object of the research is a class of aircraft — cruise missiles, which are considered one of the most promising weapon systems. The article analyzes modern structures of on-board control systems that ensure high reliability of such systems. The study focuses on analyzing four-channel fault-tolerant systems for on-board control complexes with enhanced survivability, which ensure high operational reliability of the complexes over extend-ed periods without physical maintenance while maintaining resistance to equipment malfunc-tions and failures. Additionally, the paper examines its prototype — a three-channel system with synchronization outputs. Both positive and negative aspects of these systems are highlight-ed, noting their high level of hardware redundancy. For short-lifespan aircraft, such as cruise missiles and similar systems, the authors propose a two-channel quasi-bridge structure (QBS) for the on-board control system, featuring block-level redundancy and reconfiguration. In gen-eral, the QBS represents a system consisting of a sequential connection of redundant nodes with equal reliability. When one of the functional subunits of a redundant node fails, the control and reconfiguration scheme excludes it from the computational process and reconfigures the system structure in a non-stop mode. As a tool for studying the reliability of the on-board system, a probabilistic-physical method (PP-method) has been used, which is based on a diffusive distri-bution of time-to-failure (DN-distribution), specifically formalized for the assessment and pre-diction of the reliability of electronic, electrical, and electromechanical elements and systems. While maintaining the level of redundancy characteristic of all two-channel structures, the pro-posed two-channel redundant QBS, with its decomposition of channels into equally reliable re-dundant nodes, leads to an increase in the probability of failure-free operation (the R-effect), which becomes more significant as the number of nodes increases. The paper also describes the principle of placing functional subunits of the QBS, providing an additional effect — the over-all increase in system survivability.