All hard X-ray transient grating spectroscopy
Abstract Optical-domain transient grating (TG) spectroscopy is the ideal tool to investigate transport phenomena in gases, liquids and solids, but it is limited to typically micron-size grating periods. Extreme-Ultraviolet TG has represented a major leap forward to access the mesoscopic scales. Hard X-ray TGs open access in principle to the nanoscale. Hard X-ray TGs were recently generated using the Talbot effect and probed by optical pulses, but these hinder exploiting the advantages of the nanoscale gratings. Here, we present an all-X-ray TG study, in which few-femtosecond hard X-ray pulses are used both for excitation and probing. Our experiment was performed on an amorphous film of an FeGd alloy and on a thin silicon single crystal. The results show a manifestation of the TG induced by the X-ray pump and probe pulses in the form of Talbot carpets, as well as temporal evolution of the grating in crystalline silicon showing coherent optical phonons. Ultrafast all-X-ray TG spectroscopy has the potential to study fundamental excitations with femtosecond time resolution and nanometer spatial sensitivity.
Authors
- Danny Fainozzi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7380-8324)
- Andrey A. Goloborodko (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4550-6457)
- Benedikt Rösner (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8765-5904)
- Taito Osaka (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0545-9737)
- Carles Serrat (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9528-1938)
- Christian Dávid (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2953-1265)
- Ichiro Inoue (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0008-0423-1347)
- Aleš Hrabec (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2895-1962)
- Cristian Svetina (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2399-4426)
- Eugenio Paris (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3418-8828)
- Jumpei Yamada (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5476-4327)
- Simon Gerber (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5717-2626)
- Filippo Bencivenga (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3929-5101)
- Jérémy R. Rouxel (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3438-6370)
- Valerio Scagnoli (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8116-8870)
- Bill Pedrini (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4228-7874)
- Max Burian (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6728-6347)
- Kensuke Tono (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1218-3759)
- Hiroki Ueda (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5305-7930)
- Martin Beye (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3924-2993)
- Yuichi Inubushi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1608-3819)
- Majed Chergui (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4856-226X)
- Riccardo Mincigrucci (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6343-6256)
- Joan Vila‐Comamala (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1543-3146)
- Eugenio Ferrari (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1082-5984)
- Riccardo Cucini (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8516-1409)
- U. Staub (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2035-3367)
- Pietro Carrara (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1937-7591)
- Ludmila Leroy (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4272-0298)
- Makina Yabashi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2472-1684)
- C. Masciovecchio (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8571-3522)
- Alessandro Gessini
- Marie Christine Zdora
- Kohei Yamamoto
Institutions
- Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies (ES)
- University of Bern (CH)
- Argonne National Laboratory (US)
- Bern University of Applied Sciences (CH)
- Stockholm University (SE)
- University of Milan (IT)
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY (DE)
- Paul Scherrer Institute (CH)
- IMDEA Nanoscience (ES)
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A. (IT)
- ETH Zurich (CH)
- Sendai National College of Technology (JP)
- Istituto Officina dei Materiali (IT)
- SPring-8 (JP)
- National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology (JP)
- Institute for Molecular Science (JP)
- Ukrainian Center of Environmental and Water Projects (Ukraine) (UA)
- European X-Ray Free-Electron Laser (DE)
- Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (ES)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Communications Physics
- Published
- 2025-06-18
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1038/s42005-025-02178-y
- Citations
- 5
- Primary Topic
- Advanced X-ray Imaging Techniques
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 9.41
Funders
- National Science Foundation
- U.S. Department of Energy
- European Commission
- Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung
- Ministero degli Affari Esteri e della Cooperazione Internazionale
- Office of Science
- Agencia Estatal de Investigación