Temporal analysis of ternary-hybrid nanomaterial flow in the vicinity of Howarth stagnation point: Insights from the Cattaneo-Christov heat flux model

The cooling of nuclear reactors and spacecraft, the production of energy, the use of magnetic fields for medication targeting in medicine, the conduction of heat within tissues, and countless other industrial and technical processes rely on heat transfer. This study deals with the effect of C-C heat flux for nodal/saddle SP flow in the presence of ternary hybrid nanomaterial. C-C heat flux is used to analyze thermal relaxation time. Trihybrid nanofluids have an increased thermal conductivity as compared to hybrid nanofluids. By transforming the fundamental flow equations, partial differential equations become ODEs. Numerical solutions are displayed graphically after solving the system. The results show that a reduction in the nanofluid velocity is caused by increasing concentrations of T i O 2 , C o F e 2 O 4 and M g O in ethylene glycol. The results also show that in contrast to the saddle SP, the nodal stagnation point has a larger magnitude of velocity components. It was found that the temperature of the fluid decreased due to the thermal relaxation time parameter. A greater thermal relaxation time parameter results in higher values of the Nusselt number for both saddle and nodal stagnation points. However, when comparing the nodal SP to the saddle SP, the Nusselt number is consistently larger. Applications in biology and industry, such as food packaging, fog creation, clay coating, and dispersion, are all extremely intriguing in this area. Additionally, this study has a wide range of technological and technical applications. By maximizing heat transport in complicated fluids, it can enhance thermal management systems in industrial machinery, electronics, and aircraft. It facilitates the construction of effective geothermal and solar thermal collectors in the field of renewable energy.