Programming Directional Strand Polymerization on DNA Origami for Logic Computing

The nanoscale addressability of DNA origami structures enables precise control of molecular reaction pathways and events within confined spaces, allowing for the construction of localized DNA logic gates, which are critical for achieving molecular‐level information processing. However, operations of these localized DNA logic gates are mainly performed in solution, and the obtained results are collective averages, making in situ observation of the computational process of individual DNA logic gates and accurate evaluation of their computational performance challenging. Here, a directional strand polymerization‐based approach for constructing logic gates on DNA origami is developed. DNA switches assembled on the surface of DNA origami serve as monomers in a hybridization chain reaction after activation by input strands, enabling directional transmission of DNA signals, thereby executing defined logic functions. By assembling a reporter to terminate strand polymerization, the results of DNA logic operations can be recorded in situ through single‐molecule fluorescence signals. This approach lays the foundation for the construction of high‐density integrated DNA computational circuits and provides new insights for biosensing applications.