The Optimal Configuration and Operation of CAES in Zero-Carbon Buildings

With the promotion of carbon neutrality, zero-carbon buildings have become a key focus in construction. However, renewable energy's intermittency challenges building energy systems' stability. This paper explores optimal configuration and operation strategies for integrating Compressed Air Energy Storage (CAES) into zero-carbon buildings. It analyzes the coupling of key components like wind power, photovoltaic (PV), demand response, and solar thermal systems. A multi-objective optimization model is developed, and an improved NSGA-II-PSO algorithm is used for capacity allocation and operation optimization. Simulation results show that CAES effectively smooths energy fluctuations, improves reliability, and reduces costs, proving the system’s feasibility in achieving zero-carbon goals.