Development of Bionic Butterfly Flight Vehicle and Preliminary Analysis of Lift Characteristics

This paper explores the development of a bionic butterfly flight vehicle and a preliminary analysis of its lift characteristics. First, the article provides an overview of bionic aircraft, particularly the unique position and challenges faced by bionic butterfly aircraft. Then, it introduces related research advances, including typical cases such as the hummingbird flight robot, Phoenix flapping-wing aircraft, and Paranjape bat robot. The paper is divided into two parts: the first part introduces the manufacturing process and design principles of a bionic butterfly aircraft with a wingspan not exceeding 30 cm; the second part discusses the changes in lift driven by servos with different torques and at various angles of attack. The design process is based on the flight characteristics of the monarch butterfly and underwent three iterations. Key components such as lightweight PET film and high-torque KST X06 servos were ultimately adopted, successfully achieving stable flight. This paper provides a detailed reference and innovative ideas for the research of bionic aircraft, promoting the application and development of bionic technology in aircraft design.