Wireless Battery Management System in Electric Vehicles: Analysis of State-of-the-Art Techniques

Wireless Battery Management Systems (WBMS) are significant steps in monitoring and controlling energy storage, which varies from electric vehicle applications to renewable energy applications and smart grid systems. They operate on wireless communication technologies such as Zigbee, Bluetooth, and Wi-Fi, eliminating the need for complex wiring increasing the potential weight reduction of the system, and minimizing potential reliability issues. This paper elaborates on designing and implementing a microcontroller-based WBMS that monitors key parameters such as voltage, current, and temperature in real time. All these parameters are transmitted wirelessly to centralized management units or mobile devices for analysis. State estimation algorithms further enhance the reliability of key metrics such as SOC, SOH, and fault diagnosis. WBMS catches real-time information from all cells in the battery using sensors and wirelessly transmits it to a central monitoring unit. This paper aims to analyze recent advancements in EV BMS technology and identify potential directions for future research in this area. This paper explores the challenges and opportunities associated with implementing BMS in electric vehicles and presents an in-depth review of the existing literature.