Simulation Design of Switching Overvoltage Generator and Protection Circuit for No-Load Voltage Regulator

When circuit breakers in particle accelerators interrupt inductive loads, the resulting transient overvoltages propagate through conduction or radiation, posing significant electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) challenges for sensitive electronic equipment. Existing EMC standard test waveforms substantially deviate from actual overvoltage characteristics, failing to provide theoretical foundations for practical filter protection circuit design. Addressing these issues, based on the mathematical model of overvoltage and in accordance with IEC 61000-4-5, this paper designs an overvoltage generator circuit using Advanced Design System (ADS). The simulation results of spike voltages demonstrated a high consistency with the mathematical model (R<sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> = 0.9973). A filtering protection circuit was further developed based on the generator, providing a theoretical foundation for the electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) design of accelerator systems.