Optimization of Potential Distribution in Zinc Oxide Arresters Using Finite Element Analysis

This paper focuses on optimizing the potential distribution in zinc oxide (ZnO) arresters to enhance their long-term reliability. Using COMSOL Multiphysics, a two-dimensional axisymmetric model of a 330 kV ZnO arrester was developed to simulate the potential distribution and voltage-bearing rate across the resistor discs. The study compared the potential distribution with and without grading rings, confirming the necessity of grading rings for more uniform voltage distribution. The influence of grading ring parameters, such as cover depth, pipe diameter, and ring diameter, on the voltage-bearing rate was analyzed using the control variable method. Additionally, the impact of the relative dielectric constant of the resistor discs on the voltage-bearing rate was examined. The results provide valuable insights for optimizing the potential distribution in ZnO arresters.