Optimisation of Electric Vehicle Charging Behaviour in a Two-Layer Game Framework and Guidance Strategies

With the scale development of electric vehicles (EVs) exacerbating the peak-to-valley difference and congestion problem of the power grid, how to coordinate the charging behaviour of users with the operation of the power grid has become a key challenge in energy transition. Aiming at the limitations of the existing studies, which are insufficient to consider the heterogeneity and satisfaction of users, this paper proposes a cooperative optimization method based on the coupling of evolutionary game and master-slave game for electric vehicle charging behaviour. The dynamic equilibrium is achieved through the closed-loop feedback mechanism of "load-price-strategy" in the model. The proposed method can effectively smooth the load curve , while taking into account the optimisation of user cost and the improvement of grid revenue, providing theoretical support and practical path for the synergistic dispatch between electric vehicles and the grid under the goal of "dual-carbon".