Analysis of the Freezing Coefficient in Transmission Line Icing

The icing of transmission lines poses a serious threat to the safe operation of power systems. To enhance the accuracy of icing model predictions, this paper conducts a thorough analysis of the freezing coefficient based on the Makkonen model. By simplifying the thermal balance equation for icing freezing, a formula for the freezing coefficient is derived. Using the derived formula, the effects of various factors on the freezing coefficient are systematically analyzed. The results show that, under all conditions, the minimum value of the freezing coefficient occurs at the stagnation point on the windward side and the regions where the freezing coefficient is less than 1 are confined to the vicinity of the stagnation point. Furthermore, the freezing coefficient decreases with increasing temperature, liquid water content, wind speed, and droplet diameter.