Massive Multiple Input Multiple Output for Spectral Efficiency with Signal-to-Interference and Threshold in 5G Systems

Nowadays, the advent of 5G systems has needed the development of Massive Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) technology to improve spectral efficiency which is a crucial metric for high-speed data transmission. However, the existing methods struggled with interference management in 5G networks with the reuse of universal frequencies which is determined As Non-Polynomial hard (NP hard) optimization problem. In this research, Signal-to-interference and Threshold (SIT) is proposed to overcome the NP-hard optimization by reducing the complexity through threshold-based approach for effective spectral efficiency. Initially, a downlink of a two-tier 5G Heterogeneous network (HetNet) is designed, which contains the same frequency spectrum with inter-cell interference. Then, the problem is formulated for the spectral efficiency as non-convex and NP-hard optimization which is resolved by fixing a SIT to a threshold value. From the results, it clearly displays that the proposed SIT obtained maximum spectral efficiency for a 5G system by attaining 40 bits/s/Hz with 22 User Equipment’s (UEs) respectively in system when compared to existing Beamforming Technique (BT) model.