Technological Innovation Trends and Development Prospects of Standard-Essential Patents in Interoperability of New-Type Power Systems

The development of new-type power systems is accelerating a global transformation of the energy landscape. Interoperability is a pivotal enabler for integrating multi-energy sources and achieving intelligent system operation, directly determining system flexibility and reliability. This study explores the concept and background of interoperability in new-type power systems, analyzes emerging directions in technological innovation and the evolving landscape of standard-essential patents (SEPs), and provides a forward-looking perspective on technological evolution and patent strategy. It finds that edge intelligence, quantum communication, and cross-sector integration represent key breakthroughs in interoperability technologies. The competition for SEPs is shifting toward ecosystem-level development. Chinese enterprises possess the technical capabilities to engage in global standard-setting in certain domains. Based on these findings, the paper proposes strategic recommendations from the perspectives of policy support, industrial alliances, and international deployment to enhance interoperability in China’s new-type power system.