On-Orbit Cross Calibration of Energetic Electron Flux Measurements From Three Chinese Satellites and GPS ns70 and ns71

Cross calibration of energetic electron flux measurements from different satellites is essential for understanding the dynamics of the Earth’s radiation belts and for modeling the space radiation environment. In this paper, we calibrate and analyze the energetic electron data measured by three Chinese medium Earth orbit (MEO) satellites (M17, M18, and M19) and two Global Positioning System (GPS) satellites (ns70 and ns71). Strong correlations and consistencies were found between the MEO satellites and GPS satellites using <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">L</i> and magnetic local time as binning standards. We show that the measurements from the detectors on board these satellites are basically the same with a maximum difference of 22% on a logarithmic scale. Finally, a simple calibration based on phase space density improves the correlations and consistencies between MEO satellites and GPS, reducing the maximum difference to 2% on a logarithmic scale. It also showed that these satellites are very close to the precise Van Allen Probes since GPS had been calibrated by them in a previous study. This will help to fill the significant data gap in MEO and provide crucial insights into particle dynamic variations within the core region (<italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">L</i> ~ 5) of radiation belts. It is expected that the availability of data from non-scientific satellites will increase, providing a more comprehensive set of multipoint measurements for scientific research.