Clostridioides difficile infection and household hygiene: the patient experience

Background: Clostridiodes difficile infection (CDI) is a prevalent healthcare-associated infection that also occurs in community settings. Household hygiene may be an under-utilized strategy for controlling environmental spore contamination. Currently, no standardized protocol exists for cleaning the homes of individuals with CDI, and patients often lack guidance on effective hygiene practices. Objective: This study aimed to explore the household hygiene experiences and practices of patients discharged from hospital following a CDI diagnosis. Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with individuals diagnosed with CDI within one year of hospital discharge. Seven interviews were completed – four in person and three by telephone. An inductive content analysis approach was used to code and analyze the transcripts. Results: Participants generally lacked awareness of CDI transmission pathways. Cleaning routines were based on habit (e.g., weekly schedules) or visible dust accumulation, rather than the potential for contamination or transmission risk. Most cleaning products used were not effective against spores. Conclusion: The hygiene practices reported by participants were unlikely to adequately decontaminate their home environments. Developing and providing a targeted hygiene protocol at discharge may help reduce the risk of reinfection or transmission to household members.